Through it all, Akie Abe has remained outwardly composed and quiet when appearing in public.

On Tuesday, she will host a private funeral, to be followed by larger ceremonies at a later date.

After her husband resigned as Prime Minister in December 2020, Akie Abe faded from public view. Now she has been thrust back into the spotlight -- and the nation will be looking to her as it mourns the death of its former leader.

Abe's 'domestic opposition party'

"Akie Abe -- as a first lady -- was certainly unlike many of her predecessors," said Tobias Harris, a senior fellow for Asia at the Center for American Progress.

Her support for progressive causes, freewheeling ways and cheerful confidence endeared her to the Japanese public.

Among Japanese media, Akie Abe earned a nickname -- as Shinzo Abe's "domestic opposition party."

With a penchant for speaking her mind, she openly challenged a raft of her husband's policies, from his push for nuclear power to the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal. In 2016, she met protesters in Okinawa who opposed expansion of a United States Marine Corps base, which Shinzo Abe supported.

"I want to pick up and pass on the views that don't get through to my husband or his circle," she told Bloomberg in 2016. "That is a bit like an opposition party, I suppose."

Her progressive views sometimes appeared to be at odds with more conservative values.

Akie Abe has been a vocal advocate for LGBTQ rights, joining a gay pride parade in Tokyo in 2014. She also supports the use of medical marijuana, having posed for photos in a sprawling cannabis field in 2015.

Despite their often opposing views, the couple had a loving relationship -- and Akie Abe did not shy from letting the public know. The couple often held hands when disembarking the plane on their official overseas trips -- a public display of affection rarely seen in Japan's political circles.

Shinzo Abe frequently appeared in Akie Abe's Instagram posts, smiling alongside her at events or on casual strolls, petting their dog on the sofa, reading newspapers in the car -- or posing with a bowl of curry Udon.

On their 30th anniversary, Akie Abe posted a wedding photo of them dressed in kimonos. On their 32nd anniversary, they celebrated with a cherry cream cake and wine.

She was the first spouse of a Japanese minister to actively use social media, especially Facebook and Instagram, sharing snippets of her life with tens of thousands of followers.

Her own person

The daughter of a confectionery magnate, Akie Abe grew up in a wealthy and privileged family in Tokyo.

She was educated at a private Catholic school and a women-only vocational school, and speaks fluent English.

After graduating, Akie Abe worked at Japanese advertising agency Dentsu. At age 22, she met Shinzo Abe, who was seven years older and working as a political assistant. They dated for over two years before tying the knot in 1987.

The couple never had children. Akie Abe has told Japanese media that they had sought fertility treatment in the early days of their marriage, to no avail.

Akie Abe was not content with being confined to a domestic role. She worked as a radio DJ in the 1990s, and after her husband resigned from his first stint as Prime Minister in 2007, she came up with a plan to open an izakaya pub.

"When (Shinzo) Abe was pining to make his leadership comeback in 2012, it was right at the same time that she was busy preparing to open a restaurant. This was something she had wanted to do for a while and she thought with (Shinzo) Abe out of the premiership for 2007 she finally had this opportunity," said Harris, the author of "The Iconoclast: Shinzo Abe and the New Japan".

"So she made him promise she would still be able to open her business and she went ahead with it and it was a really nice restaurant."

The izakaya, named "UZU" -- meaning whirlpool in English, opened in 2012 in the Kanda district of Tokyo, months before Shinzo Abe started his second stint as Prime Minister.

She even grew her own organic rice, in a paddy located in her husband's home prefecture, and served it at her restaurant.

In 2015, she was photographed in a paddy planting rice with then US ambassador to Japan Caroline Kennedy, donning traditional women's work pants, bare-footed in murky water.

In the intervening years before she came back as the first lady, Akie Abe returned to college and obtained a masters degree in social design studies from Rikkyo University.

"That was a period of setback and hardship for us as a couple," she told The Wall Street Journal in 2013. "After a while, he decided to refocus on his political career. I felt like I needed to start my own life."

"It goes to show that she really tried -- throughout his political career -- to still be her own person, to not just be a political wife who would show up and just be expected to do the things that Japan expects political wives to do," Harris said.

"I don't necessarily think she was ever content, or eager, to play that role."