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"In the process of (discussing the deal) I had always worried that there would be external forces intervening," Chen said, without naming any country. "We believe there was political pressure," he said. "Back then we had already prepared our press release. But certain people don't want Taiwan to be too happy."
In his statement Thursday, Ma from China's Taiwan Affairs Office also accused Taipei of trying to "circumvent" BioNTech's general agent in Greater China, Shanghai Fosun Pharmaceutical Group.
But Chen said the Taiwanese government had never been in touch with Fosun, and was talking directly with BioNTech in Germany instead. BioNTech also had never asked Taiwan to negotiate with Fosun, he added.
Fosun did not respond to CNN's request for comment. Leading Taiwanese pharmaceutical company TTY Biopharm, which was involved in talks with BioNTech, declined to comment citing a confidentiality agreement reached between the two firms.
In a statement Thursday, BioNTech said discussions with Taiwan were ongoing. "BioNTech is committed to help bringing an end to the pandemic for people across the world and we intend to supply Taiwan with our vaccine as part of this global commitment," the statement said.
Concern that political pressure could forestall the deal with BioNTech had kept Taiwanese health minister Chen from publicly discussing it while negotiations were underway, he said in Wednesday's interview.
At a news conference Thursday, Chen welcomed BioNTech's statement and called it "an initiative to send goodwill." "We hope we can carry on and finish our original contract," he said.
But soon after that announcement, BioNTech backed out of the deal.
While Chen did not name China, he made a thinly-veiled swipe at Beijing after going off air during a commercial break.
A daunting task
Beijing claims full sovereignty over Taiwan, a democracy of almost 24 million people located off the southeastern coast of mainland China, despite the fact that the two sides have been governed separately for more than seven decades.
Chinese President Xi Jinping has vowed that Beijing will never allow the island to become fully independent and has refused to rule out the use of force if necessary.
Cross-strait ties have frayed since Tsai's independence-leaning Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) came to power, and the pandemic has further strained relations.
On Thursday, China's Foreign Ministry hit out at Taipei, accusing it of "using the pandemic as an excuse to engage in political manipulation and hype up political issues."
"The Democratic Progressive Party should ... do some real things to promote the health and well-being of the people in Taiwan," Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Hua Chunying said at a briefing.
Taiwan has been a rare success in the fight against coronavirus, thanks to its swift action to ban incoming travel from mainland China at the onset of the outbreak in Wuhan, as well as imposing strict border controls and quarantine requirements throughout the pandemic. As of Friday, the island had only reported nine deaths and fewer than 1,000 infections -- the majority of which were imported cases.
China meanwhile has promised to make its vaccines a "global public good." The Chinese government said this month that it was providing vaccine aid to 53 countries, and had been exporting doses to 22 nations. Taiwan is not on the list of those recipients.