"We need to bear in mind that all these systems have universal missile launchers that can use all types of missiles. It means another violation of the INF treaty and we see that Japan is an accomplice in this matter," she said.

The US rejected the accusation. "The United States is in full compliance with the INF Treaty. Russian claims to the contrary are false and meant to deflect attention from Russia's own very clear violations," a spokesman for the US State Department told CNN.

"Third parties will not deter us from taking appropriate defensive measures in the face of growing security challenges," the spokesman added.

Zakharova's comments were the latest in a tit-for-tat between Washington and Moscow, who have accused each other of violating the INF agreement, as well as several others.

Zakharova expressed concerns earlier this month over other US-built anti-missile systems in Romania, which she said were capable of launching missiles, and over plans for a similar system to be deployed in Poland.

She also said that the decision would strain ties between Russia and Japan. "We believe that all the actions taken by the Japanese government go against our efforts to achieve peace and security in the region. It creates mistrust between our states," she said.

North Korea has ratcheted up its missile-testing program this year, firing 23 missiles in 16 tests since February. At least two have flown over Japan.

Japan says the new US-built systems will provide coverage for the whole country.